Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on a-Lactalbumin and Sulindac treated colon cancer cells: ELF-EMF and colon cancer
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Abstract
Aim: In this research, we aimed to investigate the effects extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on proliferation and apoptosis during treatment of primary and metastatic colon cancer cell lines.
Material and Methods: Colon cell lines; COLO-320, COLO-741 and as control mouse fibroblast (STO) cells were cultured in 24 wells of tissue culture plate. Both COLO-320 and COLO-741 cells were treated with α-lactalbumin, sulindac and α-lactalbumin + sulindac. The cells from all groups were exposed to 60 Hz ELF-EMF for 48 hours. For cytotoxicity analyses, the cells were collected and analyzed with ELISA. The cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes. Cell proliferation was analyzed by evaluating of anti-Ki-67 distribution using indirect immunohistochemistry, cell death were evaluated using TUNEL assay.
Results: After TUNEL assay, the TUNEL positive cells were detected in all treated and control groups. However, the number of apoptotic cells was increased after treatment with α-lactalbumin and EMF exposure on COLO-320 cells. The apoptotic cells were less in STO cells. The distribution of Ki-67 was also detected in all groups, but, there were more Ki-67 immunoreactivity in COLO-741 cells than other groups. The cell cytotoxicity was also increased after EMF exposure in all groups.
Discussion: Our results suggested that the EMF exposure may increase the effects of α-lactalbumin on primary colon cancer cell lines. However, the proliferation of both cancer and control cells were not affected. The EMF exposure may trigger apoptotic pathway in primary colon cancer cell lines.
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