Type and Diagnosis of Lesions Associated with Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Dislocation Evaluation of Anterior Shoulder Dislocations

Main Article Content

Necip Guven
Mehmet Saracalıoğlu

Abstract

Objective: Anterior dislocations are common large joint dislocations due to the anatomical structure and mobility of the shoulder joint and are seen in 1-2% of the population. The most common form is a traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation, approximately 90-95%. The lesions accompanying traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation are mostly Bankart and Hill-Sachs lesions, rotator cuff tear, tuberculum major fracture, and neurological injury. This study evaluates osseous, neurological, and soft tissue lesions in traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations.


Material and Methods: Eighty-four patients (male:62, female:22) who applied to our center due to traumatic shoulder dislocation between January 2014 and January 2021 were evaluated. Demographic data of the patients and accompanying shoulder circumference lesions were detected. The types of lesions were grouped as isolated and combined. The lesions were diagnosed clinically and radiologically (shoulder radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)).


Results: The mean age of the patients was 33.4 (18-81) years, 62 were male, and 22 were female. Dislocation-related lesions were detected in 61.1% of the patients. The lesions were seen as isolated and combined. While rotator cuff tears were the most common isolated lesions, Bankart + Hill-Sachs lesions were the most common combined lesions.


Conclusion: Isolated or combined lesions accompanying traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations are common and cause shoulder instability when not treated. It is detected by clinical examination and MRI after a dislocation to diagnose associated lesions. We recommend performing a shoulder MRI to detect associated lesions after shoulder dislocation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Guven, N., & Saracalıoğlu, M. . (2022). Type and Diagnosis of Lesions Associated with Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Evaluation of Anterior Shoulder Dislocations. Medical Science and Discovery, 9(8), 454–457. https://doi.org/10.36472/msd.v9i8.781
Section
Research Article
Received 2022-08-08
Accepted 2022-08-18
Published 2022-08-24

References

Turkel SJ, Panio MW, Marshall JL, Girgis FG. Stabilizing mechanisms preventing anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1981 Oct;63(8):1208-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-198163080-00002

Kirkley A, Litchfield R, Thain L, Spouge A. The agreement between magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic evaluation of the shoulder joint in the primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder. Clin. J. Sport Med. 2003; 13: 148-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00042752-200305000-00004

Widjaja AB, Tran A, Bailey M, Proper S. Correlation between Bankart and Hill-Sachs lesions in anterior shoulder dislocation. ANZ J Surg. 2006 Jun;76(6): 436-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2006.03760.x

McBride T, Kalogrianitis S. Dislocations of the shoulder joint. Trauma 2012;14:47-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1460408611413837

Robinson CM, Shur N, Sharpe T, Ray A, Murray IR. Injuries associated with traumatic anterior glenohumeral dislocations. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012 Jan 4;94(1):18-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.J.01795

Atef A, El-Tantawy A, Gad H, Hefeda M. Prevalence of associated injuries after anterior shoulder dislocation: a prospective study. Int Orthop. 2016 Mar;40(3): 519-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-015-2862-z

Zarins B, McMahon MS, Rowe CR. Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic anterior instability of the shoulder. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1993;291:75-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199306000-00009

Alkaduhimi H, van der Linde JA, Flipsen M, van Deurzen DF, van den Bekerom MP. A systematic and technical guide on how to reduce a shoulder dislocation. Turk J Emerg Med. 2016; 16(4):155-68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjem.2016.09.008

Waterman B, Owens BD, Tokish JM. Anterior Shoulder Instability in the Military Athlete. Sports Health. 2016 Nov/Dec;8(6): 514-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738116672161

Leroux T, Wasserstein D, Veillette C, et al. Epidemiology of primary anterior shoulder dislocation requires closed reduction in Ontario, Canada. J. Sports Med. 2014 Feb;42(2):442-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546513510391

Carrazzone OL, Tamaoki MJ, Ambra LF, Neto NA, Matsumoto MH, Belloti JC. Prevalence of lesions associated with trauma recurrent shoulder dislocation. Rev Bras Ortop. 2015 Dec 8;46(3):281-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2255-4971(15)30196-8

Robinson EC, Thangamani VB, Kuhn MA, Ross G. Arthroscopic Findings After Traumatic Shoulder Instability in Patients Older Than 35 Years. Orthop J Sports Med. 2015 May 11; 3 (5): 2325967115584318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967115584318

Prasetia R, Handoko HK, Rosa WY, Ismiarto AF, Petrasama, Utoyo GA. Primary traumatic shoulder dislocation is associated with rotator cuff tear in the elderly. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2022 Jun;95:107200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107200

Shin SJ, Yun YH, Kim DJ, Yoo JD. Treatment of traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation in patients older than 60 years. J. Sports Med. 2012 Apr;40(4): 822-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546511434522

Kim DS, Yoon YS, Yi CH. Prevalence comparison of accompanying lesions between primary and recurrent anterior dislocation in the shoulder. J. Sports Med. 2010; 38:2071-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546510371607

Bonnevialle N, Azoulay V, Faraud A, Elia F, Swider P, Mansat P. Results of arthroscopic Bankart repair with Hill-Sachs remplissage for anterior shoulder instability. Int Orthop. 2017 Dec;41(12):2573-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-017-3491-5

Li H, Liu Y, Li Z, et al. Correlation analysis between recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation and secondary intra-articular injuries. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Mar;26(3): 308-12.

Rozing PM, De Bakker HM, Obermann WR. Radiographic views in recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. Comparison of six methods for identification of typical lesions. Acta Orthop. Scand. 1986; 57:328-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/17453678608994403

Iannotti JP, Zlatkin MB, Esterhai JL, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. J Bone Joint Surg Am. Am. 1991; 73: 17-29 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199173010-00004

Green MR, Christensen KP. Magnetic resonance imaging of the glenoid labrum in anterior shoulder instability. Am. J. Sports Med. 1994; 22:493-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/036354659402200410

Kirkley A, Griffin S, Richards C et al. Prospective randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of immediate arthroscopic stabilization versus immobilization and rehabilitation in first traumatic anterior dislocations of the shoulder. Arthroscopy 1999; 155: 507-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/ar.1999.v15.015050

Arciero RA, Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, et al. Arthroscopic Bankart repair versus nonoperative treatment for acute, initial anterior shoulder dislocations. Am. J. Sports Med. 1994; 225:589-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/036354659402200504

Gumina S, Carbone S, Postacchini F. Occult fractures of the greater tuberosity of the humerus. Int Orthop. 2009;33: 171-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-007-0512-9