Investigation of Factors Affecting Prognosis in Geriatric Patients with Head Injury
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: Head trauma is one of the most common causes of emergency admission in elderly patients. The risk of intracranial pathology increases after trauma due to the weakening of bone structures, deterioration in blood parameters, and use of anticoagulants. This study aimed to examine the factors affecting mortality after head trauma in geriatric patients.
Material and Methods: Geriatric patients who were admitted to the emergency department with head trauma between 01.01.2015 and 31.12.2015 and underwent cranial computed tomography (cCT) were included in the study. Patient data were analyzed according to gender, age groups, trauma causes, hematological parameters and hospitalization-discharge status.
Results: 320 patients were included in the study, 169 were female (52.8%), and 142 were in the 65-74 age group (%44). Intracranial pathology was detected in 34 patients. The most common causes of trauma were falls and traffic accidents. The most common CT pathology was subdural hemorrhage. 76 (24%) of 320 patients were hospitalized. As their final status, 307 patients were discharged (96%), 6 were transferred (1.9%), 7 died (2.2%).
Conclusion: In the study, there is no significant correlation between age, gender, mechanism of trauma, hematological parameters and mortality in geriatric head trauma. Geriatric head traumas must be evaluated seriously regardless of the mechanism of injury, age and gender groups, even simple traumas can be dangerous.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Accepted 2023-06-27
Published 2023-07-17
References
Eryurt SC, Sahin T, Oral S. Evaluation of factors affecting prognosis and mortality in geriatric patients presented to the emergency service with head trauma. Aging Medicine. 2023 Jun;6(2):177-83.
Whitehouse KJ, Jeyaretna DS, Enki DG, Whitfield PC. Head Injury in the Elderly: What Are the Outcomes of Neurosurgical Care. World Neurosurg. 2016 Oct;94:493-500.
Lee SB, Oh JH, Park JH, Choi SP, Wee JH. Differences in youngest-old, middle-old, and oldest-old patients who visit the emergency department. Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2018 Dec;5(4):249-55.
Kokulu K, Algın A, Özdemir S, Akça HŞ. Characteristics of injuries among infants who fall from bed. Injury. 2021 Feb;52(2):281-5.
Gioffrè-Florio M, Murabito LM, Visalli C, Pergolizzi FP, Famà F. Trauma in elderly patients: a study of prevalence, comorbidities and gender differences. G Chir. 2018;39(1):35-40.
Hofmann V, Deininger C, Döbele S, Konrads C, Wichlas F. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults: Are Routine Second cCT Scans Necessary. J Clin Med. 2021 Aug 25;10(17):3794.
Caterino JM, Valasek T, Werman HA. Identification of an age cutoff for increased mortality in patients with elderly trauma. Am J Emerg Med. 2010 Feb;28(2):151-8.
Akköse Aydin S, Bulut M, Fedakar R, Ozgürer A, Ozdemir F. Trauma in the elderly patients in Bursa. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2006 Jul;12(3):230-4.
Akça HŞ, Algın A, Özdemir S, Koçkara E, Eroğlu SE. Comparison of the efficacy of trauma scores in predicting prognosis and hospitalization. Cukurova Medical Journal. 2021 Dec 30;46(4):1596-605.
Akça HŞ, Özdemir S, Algın A, Kar E, Altunok İ. Evaluation of the efficacy of the clinical frailty scale ın the prediction of prognosis in geriatric patients presenting to the emergency department with acute abdominal pathologies: a prospective study. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi. 2023 Jan 3;24(1):36-42.
Hosseinpour M, Kouchakinejad-Eramsadati L, Shakiba M, Rad E, Mohtasham-Amiri Z, Yousefzadeh-Chabok S. The outcomes of head trauma due to road traffic accident in hospitalized elderly patients. Arch Trauma Res. 2019;8(4):214.
Nagocha VB, Yadav M, Sharma D, Garg S. Geriatric head injuries: impact and outcomes. Int J Res Med Sci. 2019 Aug 27;7(9):3461.
Sammy I, Lecky F, Sutton A, Leaviss J, O’Cathain A. Factors affecting mortality in older trauma patients—A systematic review and meta-analysis. Injury. 2016 Jun;47(6):1170-83.
Adams SD, Cotton BA, McGuire MF, Dipasupil E, Podbielski JM, Zaharia A, et al. Unique pattern of complications in elderly trauma patients at a Level I trauma center. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2012 Jan;72(1):112-8.
Cox S, Morrison C, Cameron P, Smith K. Advancing age and trauma: Triage destination compliance and mortality in Victoria, Australia. Injury. 2014 Sep;45(9):1312-9.
Karibe H, Narisawa A, Nagai A, Yamanouchi S, Kameyama M, Nakagawa A, et al. Incidence of Chronic Subdural Hematoma after Mild Head Trauma in Elderly Patients with or without Pre-traumatic Conditioning of Anti-thrombotic Drugs. Neurol Med Chir(Tokyo). 2023 Mar 15;63(3):91-6.
Sabouri E, Majdi A, Jangjui P, Rahigh Aghsan S, Naseri Alavi SA. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review Study. World Neurosurgery. 2020 Aug;140:142-7.
Le Bail A, Jardine CG, Cottenceau V, Petit L, Matthieu Biais, Carrie C. Ability of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to predict secondary neurological impairment in patients with mild to moderate head injury. A retrospective study. Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Dec;50:46-50.
Li W, Deng W. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts short-term mortality in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 17;12(1).
Lozance K, Dejanov I, Mircevski M. Role of coagulopathy in patients with head trauma. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 1998 Oct;5(4):394-8.
Engström M, Romner B, Schalén W, Reinstrup P. Thrombocytopenia Predicts Progressive Hemorrhage after Head Trauma. Journal of Neurotrauma. 2005 Feb;22(2):291-6.
Garzali I, Hargura A, Ince V, Usta S, Aloun A, Carr B, et al. Prognostic role of platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver transplantation. Ann Med Res. 2023;30(2):1.
İslam MM, Ademoğlu E, Uygun C, Delipoyraz M, Satıcı MO, Aksel G, et al. Comparison of the effects of different treatment protocols on mortality in patients presenting with an INR≥10 due to warfarin-associated over-anticoagulation. African Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2023 Mar;13(1):8-14.
Algın A, Özdemir S. Evaluation of The Predictability of Platelet Mass Index for Short-Term Mortality in Patients with COVID 19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of Contemporary Medicine. 2021 Sep 17;11(5):728-33.